In the coastal expanse of Qatar’s serene landscape, where the sea meets the evolving silhouette of Lusail city’s skyline, the future Lusail Museum is envisioned as a cornerstone of cultural enrichment. Designed by Swiss architects Herzog & de Meuron, this architectural endeavour transcends conventional structures; it promises to embody a vision of harmony, dialogue and creative expression. With plans to house an expansive collection of Orientalist art and a commitment to exploring the global movement of people and exchange of ideas, the museum is poised to become a catalyst for unity and innovation through insightful discourse and artistic exploration.

At its essence the museum embodies a holistic concept; a fragment of the universe encapsulated within a single building. As Jacques Herzog elucidates, “The building’s form mirrors a fragment of the sphere, encompassing all materials regardless of their composition. This design concept deeply intertwines with the notion of land formation and the essence of place-making. Rooted in this concept, the museum design is intricately inspired by the natural landscape.” Collaboration with local artisans ensures a direct connection to Qatar’s vernacular, infusing every corner with the soul of the region.

The museum’s design is a feat of architectural ingenuity and emphasises the power of collaboration and cultural exchange. Inspired by the traditional souks of the region, Herzog & de Meuron sought to create a space that fosters dialogue and interaction "a vertically layered souq, or a miniature city contained within a single building.” The circular plan, reminiscent of traditional architecture of the Middle East, conveys both universal symbolism and a nod to the building traditions of the region.

Three intersecting spheres shape and carve the volume of the building into distinct parts; a full moon embraced by a crescent, symbolising unity amidst diversity. Within this sacred space, visitors are invited to embark on a journey through time and space. The crescent-shaped internal street, naturally lit from above, serves as a conduit, connecting the museum’s various functional areas such as a sculptural polished plaster stair, a reflective metal prayer space, a wooden-panelled library, a soft and intimate auditorium and several cushioned and upholstered niches and public spaces which feature a seamless flow of movement and interaction.

The exterior of the museum, with its rough, earthen texture, serves as a physical marker within the island landscape. It appears as it is a piece of the land itself, blending harmoniously with its surroundings while standing out as a symbol of cultural significance. Deeply recessed windows cut out of the façade allow daylight to filter into the interior spaces, offering panoramic views of the sea and the bustling cityscape beyond. Collaborations with local and regional artisans and craftspeople ensure a direct connection to Qatar’s rich cultural heritage. From sculptural staircase designs to reflective prayer areas, each element is meticulously crafted to engage with the senses and provoke contemplation. The juxtaposition of different materials such as wood, textiles, metals and ceramic tiles creates a dynamic interplay of form and texture, inviting visitors to explore and discover the essence of the country’s architectural and artistic legacy.

Central to the museum’s design is its commitment to sustainability and environmental stewardship. The use of local materials, concrete architecture and traditional building techniques reduce the museum’s carbon footprint and ecological impact. From the rough exterior to the recessed windows that protect the interiors from direct sunlight, every aspect of the sustainable design is carefully considered to minimise environmental impact while maximising user experience.

The gallery floors of the museum offer a glimpse into the rich tapestry of human civilisation. Abstract replicas from historical monuments punctuate the space, each a testament to the universal language of architecture. From the domes of Istanbul’s Topkapi Palace to the courtyards of Cairo’s Ibn Tulun Mosque, these architectural marvels serve as anchors, offering insights into the shared heritage of humanity. Four abstract replicas from the interior of important historical buildings are inserted into the top gallery floor as anchor spaces.

The first of these rooms will be adorned with a replica of the dome covering Murad III’s bedroom pavilion in the Palace of Topkapi, Istanbul (1579). This exquisite dome, with its intricate geometric patterns and delicate ornamentation, serves as a tribute to the cultural heritage of the Ottoman Empire.

In the second space, the dome of the Jameh Mosque in Natanz (1320) takes centre stage. With its graceful arches and intricate tile work, the dome embodies the timeless beauty of Persian architecture. As light filters through its stained glass windows, casting a kaleidoscope of colours upon the walls, visitors are enveloped in a sense of tranquillity and reverence.

The third features a replica of the ablution fountain in the courtyard of Ibn Tulun Mosque, Cairo (1296). This domed structure, with its symmetrical arches and water features, pays homage to the spiritual significance of Islamic architecture. As visitors pause to contemplate its serene beauty, they are reminded of the enduring legacy of faith and devotion.

Finally, the fourth space showcases the Aljaferia dome in Zaragoza (1050), a testament to the architectural heritage of Al-Andalus. With its intricate muqarnas and geometric patterns, this dome reflects the multicultural influences that have shaped the region’s history. As visitors marvel at its intricate design, they are transported to a time when Al-Andalus was a beacon of intellectual and cultural exchange.

The choice of domes for these four rooms reflects a universal and yet distinct architectural approach. Domes, found in various cultures throughout history, offer a sense of universality. However, each dome within the museum architecture presents unique variations influenced by local geography and culture, making them specific to their context.

As visitors traverse the museum’s hallowed walls and exhibition spaces, they are invited to engage in a dialogue that transcends borders and spans generations. Pendentives, cross arches and muqarnas; architectural elements rich in symbolism and history serve as conduits for explorations and discovery.

Herzog and De Meuron’s minimalistic architectural language, marked by simplicity and refined craftsmanship, serves as a testament to their philosophy of design. Rejecting the ostentatiousness of postmodernism, the architects embrace simplicity and functionality, allowing the essence of each project to shine through. The museum, with its timeless design and harmonious integration into the surrounding landscape, stands as a prime example of their mastery. During a conversation between Her Excellency Sheikha Al Mayassa bint Hamad bin Khalifa Al Thani, Chairperson of Qatar Museums, and Jacques Herzog, in the inaugural episode of The Power of Culture, her podcast exploring the modern cultural development of Qatar, which debuted in December 2023, the inspiration behind the museum’s design was further discussed. Herzog shared his approach to architecture, emphasising the importance of responding to the unique context of each project. Sheikha Al Mayassa’s insightful inquiries delved into the cultural significance of the museum and its role in shaping the modern landscape of Qatar.

In a testament to Qatar’s commitment to cultural revitalisation, the transformation of former structures into vibrant hubs of creativity is underway. From repurposing a fire station into an artist residency to converting a former civil defence building into the innovative NED hotel, each endeavour breathes life into the city’s architectural landscape. Now, with the Lusail Museum prepared to grace Al Maha island, the country’s dedication to cultural preservation and innovation shines brighter than ever. Qatar’s cultural journey is further magnified by the celebration of 50 years of bilateral cultural diplomacy with Switzerland, which is when the art museum is set to open to the public.

With its design blending tradition and innovation, the museum embodies the nation’s commitment to fostering ingenuity and insight. The impending launch of the Lusail Museum signals a new chapter in Qatar’s cultural journey.