Commissioned for the 90^th anniversary of The Association of Siamese Architects under Royal Patronage (ASA), the Aluminum Grotto and Public Ground is a meticulously designed pavilion exemplifying the prowess of Thailand in metal manufacturing and innovative design while embodying a unique intersection of tradition, modernity, and public interaction. Designed by Bangkok-based firm HAS design and research, the pavilion was commissioned by Thailand’s prominent aluminium company S-ONE Group and KIN.

HAS design and research envisioned the Aluminum Grotto and Public Ground as more than a pavilion. It is a public resting place and a centre for non-profit activities during the ASA 90th Anniversary Architect Expo. The design reflects Thailand’s status as Southeast Asia’s leading metal manufacturing exporter while addressing the contemporary urban challenge of limited green spaces in Bangkok. With an average green open space per capita of only 6.99 square metres in Bangkok, much lower than the World Health Organisation’s recommended nine square metres, the pavilion provides a much-needed retreat for city dwellers.

The project employs an innovative valley-like grotto that creates a natural impression amidst the densely packed expo environment. This structure not only recreates the serene natural landscapes that Thai people historically relied on but also introduces a multifunctional space echoing the ‘Tai toon’ space of the traditional Thai stilt houses. The elevated structure generates an open space underneath, fostering a blend of indoor and outdoor environments, and offering a shaded ‘grey space’ that attracts visitors.

Constructed from hundreds of thousands of aluminium rods, the Aluminum Grotto shows a ‘Total-ness Design’ approach. Each rod is of a unique length, meticulously cut and assembled by skilled craftsmen, reminiscent of the intricate craftsmanship seen in Thai temples. This integration of skin, space, and structure with diverse functions shows a harmonious blend of form and function. The use of aluminium not only highlights Thailand’s industrial capabilities but also pushes the boundaries of architectural design, creating a structure that is both aesthetically pleasing and functionally versatile.

When asked about how the pavilion activates urban spaces during events like expos while catering to both temporary event needs and long-term urban integration, Jenchieh Hung and Kulthida Songkittipakdee, co-founder and principal architects of HAS design and research said, “At the ASA Architect Expo, there are thousands of pavilions from different people and countries, creating a micro-urban space composed of various programs, circulations, and users. Many people attempt to transform cities with grand visions, but this is not an easy task. HAS design and research believes that when a project can provide hope, a sense of belonging, and kindness—regardless of the building type—it can inspire people and society to embrace a new vision. This vision is crucial for how architects and users can transform cities.”

One of the key objectives of the Aluminum Grotto and Public Ground was to serve as a non-commercial centre dedicated to idea exchange and learning. The pavilion provides free access to the public for activities such as public learning, art exchanges, and educational lectures. This commitment to public accessibility ensures that the pavilion becomes a hub for community engagement, devoid of commercial operations and promotions.

The design also places a strong emphasis on creating a sensory experience for visitors. During special events, natural light filters through the grotto-like structure, illuminating the interior and creating a sense of ceremony. This natural illumination not only enhances the aesthetic appeal of the space but also underscores the pavilion’s function as a versatile venue for educational forums.

Elaborating on the pavilion’s role beyond trade fairs, Hung and Songkittipakdee add, “During the design phases, we convinced the client to create a large open space for visitors to exchange ideas, communicate, and find inspiration. Fortunately, their idea was approved, allowing them to propose a large, elevated space for public learning, art exchanges, and educational lectures. When the Aluminum Grotto and Public Ground opened at the ASA Architect Expo, it featured lectures, seminars, workshops, and learning sessions. These public events were free and open to all attendees.”

The Aluminum Grotto and Public Ground has garnered significant acclaim. It was awarded the ‘Thematic Pavilion of the Year Award' at the ASA Architect Expo. This recognition transformed the pavilion from a temporary structure to a permanent installation that will serve as a multi-functional space for meditation, weddings, exhibitions, and a library in the future. The recognition and transformation of function together highlight the innovative approach of Hung and Songkittipakdee in creating a space that blends tradition with modernity, offering a new perspective on urban living in Bangkok.

The expertly designed project serves as a significant symbol of Thailand’s industrial and cultural heritage. By integrating traditional craftsmanship with modern design principles, and by providing a space for public engagement and learning, the pavilion becomes a model for future projects. Its success at the ASA Architect Expo underscores the importance of such initiatives in fostering community interaction and enhancing the urban environment.

Project Details

Name: Aluminum Grotto and Public Ground
Location: Bangkok, Thailand
Architect: HAS design and research
Lead architects: Jenchieh Hung, Kulthida Songkittipakdee
Design team: Jenchieh Hung, Kulthida Songkittipakdee, Saralchana Pueakhachen, Muze Ouyang, Jiamin Yang
Structure consultant: Buncha Layangkoon
Lighting consultant: Light Is
Aluminium production: KIN Thailand
Structure production: Pacific Pipe Co., Ltd.
Lighting production: Motion Tech Thailand Co Ltd, Neowave Technology
Constructor: Bangkok Canvas
Completion: 2024