Nestled in the heart of Diriyah, Saudi Arabia, an engaging cultural experience is set to take shape as Norwegian architectural firm Snøhetta takes on the design of the Royal Diriyah Opera House. Embracing the surrounding desert landscapes, local cultural heritage, and Najdi building traditions, this architectural creation is set to be a transformative symbol, reflecting the nation’s commitment to seamlessly merging tradition with modernity. As part of the broader initiative to revive the ancient Diriyah area, the opera house stands as a poignant representation of Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030; a vision aimed at reinvigorating historic sites and crafting vibrant destinations that resonate with cultural richness. Scheduled to open in 2028, the project will be built by Diriyah Company and operated by the Royal Commission for Riyadh City.

The Royal Diriyah Opera House is more than a structure; it is a cultural overture, intricately woven into the historic fabric of Diriyah. Najdi architecture deeply rooted in Saudi villages for centuries exemplifies practicality and sustainability in the challenging desert climate. The distinctive style for the facade design is characterised by mud architecture and brick architecture and cracked Wadi riverbeds which historically provided shade to the oasis communities. The interconnected clusters rising from the ground with open passages reflect on vernacular architecture that historically provides shelter and mirrors the earth's transformation under the sun, wind and rain. Inspired by Najdi archetypes, the project incorporates local crafts and materials, creating a visual tapestry that pays homage to the region’s geometric forms, history and craft. This synthesis of tradition and innovation celebrates cultural identity, offering fresh perspectives on traditional Middle Eastern shapes that resonate with both locals and global audiences.

Diriyah, located just 15 minutes northwest of Riyadh’s city centre, holds more than just historical significance. It is a symbolic centre that has inspired generations of leaders since the establishment of the first Saudi Arabian state in 1727. Now, as part of the Kingdom’s 2030 vision, Diriyah is destined to be Saudi Arabia’s foremost historical, cultural and lifestyle destination. The ancient area is undergoing a comprehensive redevelopment, transforming 14 square kilometres into one of the world’s premier historic tourism destinations. At its core lies At-Turaif, a UNESCO World Heritage Site built in 1766, set to become a must-see destination. Diriyah with its mix of cultural, lifestyle, entertainment, retail, hospitality and residential areas, embodies a vision that respects the past while embracing the future.

The 46000 square metre opera house is not just a performance venue; it is a cultural nexus accommodating around 3500 people across four venues. At its core, a 2000-seat opera theatre sets the stage for large-scale productions and headline artists. Complementing this is a 450-seat adaptable theatre and a 45-seat multipurpose theatre catering to smaller events, interactive programmes and rehearsals. The inclusion of a 450-seat shaded rooftop amphitheatre adds an alfresco dimension, allowing outdoor performances and enhancing the overall experience. Beyond performances, the space will also feature a visitor service pavilion, a café, and retail spaces, ensuring a holistic cultural and immersive experience.

The Royal Diriyah Opera House isn’t limited to the confines of its walls, it extends an invitation to the public. A cluster of buildings interconnected by open access passages ensures accessibility from the central boulevard and pedestrian-focused streets. This deliberate openness creates shaded outdoor zones, strategically oriented to provide relief from the intense sun. The inclusion of vegetation and water misting not only ensures physical comfort but also fosters biodiversity, contributing to a climate-specific ecosystem. This seamless integration of public spaces enriches cultural and recreational experiences, making the opera house a living part of the community.

The theatre design not only honours tradition but also embraces a forward-looking approach to sustainability. Aligned with the highest environmental regulations, the project incorporates water conservation, efficient lighting and strategic building orientation to reduce unnecessary energy and water wastage. The design prioritises using open spaces and natural lighting, contributing to energy efficiency. To minimise embodied carbon in concrete and steel structures, various approaches are implemented. The expansive roof surface of the largest building volume is poised to support photovoltaic (PV) installations, harnessing the abundant solar exposure for on-site or grid-wide clean energy production. Radiant cooling technologies, including chilled ceiling panels and displacement ventilation, are strategically employed to enhance thermal comfort in specific areas. These sustainable design initiatives underscore the commitment to creating a cultural landmark that not only stands the test of time but does so with minimal environmental impact.

The realisation of the Royal Diriyah Opera House is a result of a collaboration, bringing together diverse disciplines within Snøhetta and external partners. Snøhetta, a transdisciplinary practice, brings together architecture, interiors, landscape architecture and BIM management in a symphony of design. Working alongside Riyadh-based Syn Architects and featuring art installations by local artists such as Maha Malluh, the project strikes a balance between global expertise and local context. “We are excited to design a new stage for Saudi and worldwide music and performing arts for the present and future generations. Through this project, Diriyah Company showcases the significance of architecture as a catalyst for building a profound cultural understanding and for sensitising societal experiences,” says Kjetil Trædal Thorsen, co-founder of Snøhetta, on the excitement in designing the project

Diriyah Company formerly Diriyah Development Authority (DGDA) focuses on the protection and preservation of the Kingdom’s history, including the stories of the forefathers and the physical heritage. In alignment with design, development and preservation standards, the company creates an environment that enhances Diriyah’s historic, national and international relevance. By creating rich experiences that narrate the stories of its history, instilling a sense of Saudi pride and crafting globally renowned destinations and landmarks, the company is dedicated to enabling the local people to achieve their goals. The historic town, on completion, will be home to more than 100,000 residents, workers, students and visitors. The development features an array of world-class cultural, entertainment, retail, educational and residential areas, contributing to the rich cultural history of Saudi Arabia. The existing Bujairi Terrace, soon to be Riyadh’s premium dining hub and the 135-key Bab Sanhan, a luxury collection hotel, are integral parts of this transformative vision.

Jerry Inzerillo, Group CEO of Diriyah Company expresses the significance of the partnership with Snøhetta, stating, “We are thrilled to announce our partnership with Snøhetta for the design of the Royal Diriyah Opera House. This collaboration symbolises Diriyah’s pursuit of excellence in architectural design and our dedication to embracing the innovative and sustainable ethos that the design practice represents.”

The Royal Diriyah Opera House is more than a performing arts venue; it embodies the evolving narrative of Saudi Arabia; one that cherishes its past, revels in its cultural tapestry and embraces a future built on innovation and inclusivity. The integration of Najdi architectural elements, the broader transformation of Diriyah, the role of Diriyah Company, and the oasis-like shaded and green open spaces exemplify a thoughtful and purposeful approach towards sustainable development, cultural preservation and the realisation of a shared vision for the future.

Project Details

Name: Royal Diriyah Opera House
Location: Diriyah, Saudi Arabia
Client: Diriyah Company
Operator: Royal Commission of Riyadh City
Size: 46 000 m2
Typology: Performance Space, Public Space
Expected Completion: 2028
Architect and Lead Design Consultant: Snøhetta
Snøhetta's disciplines include architecture, landscape architecture and interior architecture. Snøhetta also delivers BIM Management. ​
Consultants and collaborators:​
Plan A Consultants, Syn Architects, JLL, Penguin Cube, Tricon, Arup, Saudi Diyar, Buro Happold, Schlaich Bergermann Partner, Theatre Projects, Spec Studio, Evergreen Adcon, Fractal Landscape, Transsolar, Maha Mullah.